틱장애의 분류 - Classification of tics

 

 

Classification of tics

 

Physiologic tics

Mannerisms

Pathologic tics

Primary

Sporadic

Transient motor or phonic tics (<1 year)

Chronic motor or phonic tics (>1 year)

Adult-onset (recurrent) tics

Tourette's syndrome

Inherited

Tourette's syndrome

Huntington's disease

Primary dystonia

Neuroacanthocytosis

Secondary ("Tourettism")

Infections: Encephalitis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Sydenham chorea

Drugs: Stimulants, levodopa, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, antipsychotics (tardive tics)

Toxins: Carbon monoxide

Developmental: Static encephalopathy, mental retardation syndromes, chromosomal abnormalities

Other: Head trauma, stroke, neurocutaneous syndromes, chromosomal abnormalities, schizophrenia, neuroacanthocytosis degenerative disorders

Related disorders

Stereotypies

Self-injurious behaviors

Hyperactivity syndrome

Compulsions

Excessive startle

Jumping Frenchman, Latah, Myriachit

 

 

 

Classification of tics

 

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[1]Physiologic tics
-Mannerisms

 

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[2]Pathologic tics

1]Primary
-Sporadic
-Transient motor or phonic tics (<1 year)
-Chronic motor or phonic tics (>1 year)
-Adult-onset (recurrent) tics
-Tourette's syndrome
-Inherited
-Tourette's syndrome
-Huntington's disease
-Primary dystonia
-Neuroacanthocytosis

 

 

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2]Secondary ("Tourettism")

-Infections: Encephalitis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Sydenham chorea
-Drugs: Stimulants, levodopa, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, antipsychotics (tardive tics)
-Toxins: Carbon monoxide
-Developmental: Static encephalopathy, mental retardation syndromes, chromosomal abnormalities

-Other: Head trauma, stroke, neurocutaneous syndromes, chromosomal abnormalities, schizophrenia, neuroacanthocytosis degenerative disorders

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3]Related disorders

-Stereotypies
-Self-injurious behaviors
-Hyperactivity syndrome
-Compulsions
-Excessive startle
-Jumping Frenchman, Latah, Myriachit